ClassificationsGreek and Roman Art

Bird Jug

AAT Object Form/Functionjugs (vessels)

AAT Object Form/Functionfigures (representations)

AAT Object Form/Functionbirds (motifs)

Place CreatedCyprus, Europe

CultureCypriot

PeriodCypro-Archaic I

Dateca. 700 BCE

MediumCeramic

Credit LineMuseum purchase

Dimensions6 1/2 x 5" (16.5 x 12.7 cm)

Object number2004.055.001

Label TextStarkly isolated against a background without any subsidiary ornament, a bird hovers beside a foliate spray. The freshness and the pictorial character of the painting seem a deliberate reaction against aesthetic traditions that promoted patternwork. This so-called "free field" style was adopted by a small group of vase-painters working mostly in Southern and Eastern Cyprus at the end of the eighth century and beginning of the seventh. Their subject matter was restricted: bulls, gazelles, but above all birds. The rich use of black and red glaze on a cream ground has given rise to the term "bichrome".

The association between birds and jugs on Cyprus can be traced back into the Bronze Age on duck-askoi, and on a series of jugs (sometimes decorated with birds) the shape of whose body, neck, and mouth seem to be inspired by birds singing. Birds in the ancient Greek world were considered divinely inspired, oracular; they were also sometimes kept as pets. Migrating birds, particularly the swallow and its appearance in spring, regularly caught the imagination of both poet and artist. It is not known what the associations (if any) between birds and wine-jugs may have been. They may have included spring-time, when the birds returned and the new wine was first opened and not necessarily articulate song-as the symposiast drank more, he became more voluble.

Today, it is customary to speak of vessels in anthropomorphic terms: they have handles, mouths, lips, shoulders, feet. The eyes on the spout of this one are among the earliest examples known of this tradition. Here they may also have been considered apotropaic, warding off the evil eye and guiding the liquid without spillage into its new container.
Exhibition HistoryFrom Pharaohs to Emperors: New Egyptian and Classical Antiquities at Emory, Michael C. Carlos Museum, January 14 - April 2, 2006
MCCM Permanent Collection Reinstallation, July 2014 - Present
Published ReferencesMCCM Newsletter, December 2005 - February 2006.
Peter Lacovara and Jasper Gaunt, "From Pharaohs to Emperors: Egyptian, Near Eastern & Classical Antiquities at Emory," Minerva 17 (January/February 2006): 9-16.
Michael C. Carlos Museum: Highlights of the Collections (Atlanta: Michael C. Carlos Museum, 2011), 43.

ProvenanceCollected by Ambassador William R. Crawford (1928-2002), Cyprus, 1968-1972. Thence by descent.

Status

On view

Collections